by
by是什么意思、by怎么读
读音：[baɪ]
[baɪ]
by 基本解释
prep. 靠近; 在…旁边; 常置于表示被动的动词后，表示使为者; 表示方式
adv. 经过; 表示保留或保存时用; 短暂拜访
by 词组短语
- step-by-step method
- step-by-step operation
- step-by-step procedure
- passer-by
- by-product
- count by
- stand-by
- stand-by equipment
- stand-by mode
- stand-by time
by 详细解释
prep.
- 靠近；在…旁边
near sb/sth; at the side of sb/sth; beside sb/sth- a house by the river
河边的一所房子 - The telephone is by the window.
电话在窗户旁边。 - Come and sit by me.
过来挨着我坐。
- a house by the river
- （常置于表示被动的动词后，表示使为者）
used, usually after a passive verb, to show who or what does, creates or causes sth- He was knocked down by a bus.
他被公共汽车撞倒了。 - a play by Ibsen
易卜生写的剧本 - Who's that book by?
谁是那本书的作者？ - I was frightened by the noise.
我被那响声吓坏了。
- He was knocked down by a bus.
- （表示方式）
used for showing how or in what way sth is done- The house is heated by gas.
这房子是煤气供暖的。 - May I pay by cheque?
我能用支票付款吗？ - I will contact you by letter.
我会给你写信联系的。 - to travel by boat/bus/car/plane
乘船 / 公共汽车 / 轿车 / 飞机 - to travel by air/land/sea
坐飞机；经陆路 / 海路 - Switch it on by pressing this button.
按下这个开关启动它。
- The house is heated by gas.
- （置于不带the的名词前，表示原因）由于
used before particular nouns without the , to say that sth happens as a result of sth- They met by chance.
他们不期而遇。 - I did it by mistake.
我误做了这事。 - The coroner's verdict was ‘death by misadventure’.
验尸官判定是“意外致死”。
- They met by chance.
- 不迟于；在…之前
not later than the time mentioned; before- Can you finish the work by five o'clock?
你五点钟前能完成工作吗？ - I'll have it done by tomorrow.
我将于明天之前让人做完这件事。 - By this time next week we'll be in New York.
下星期的这个时候我们将在纽约。 - He ought to have arrived by now/by this time .
他现在应该已经到了。 - By the time (that) this letter reaches you I will have left the country.
你收到这封信时，我已离开这个国家了。
- Can you finish the work by five o'clock?
- 经过
past sb/sth- He walked by me without speaking.
他一言不发地从我身边走过。
- He walked by me without speaking.
- 在…期间；处于某种状况
during sth; in a particular situation- to travel by day/night
白天 / 夜间旅行 - We had to work by candlelight.
我们不得不借助烛光工作。
- to travel by day/night
- （表示程度、数量）
used to show the degree or amount of sth- The bullet missed him by two inches.
子弹只差两英寸就击中他了。 - House prices went up by 10%.
房价上涨了10%。 - It would be better by far (= much better) to…
那比…好得多。
- The bullet missed him by two inches.
- 从…看；依；按照
from what sth shows or says; according to sth- By my watch it is two o'clock.
我的表是两点钟。 - I could tell by the look on her face that something terrible had happened.
从她的脸色我可以看出，发生了可怕的事情。 - By law, you are a child until you are 18.
按照法律规定，18岁之前是未成年人。
- By my watch it is two o'clock.
- （表示触及或抓住的人或物的部分）
used to show the part of sb/sth that sb touches, holds, etc.- I took him by the hand.
我拉着他的手。 - She seized her by the hair.
她揪住她的头发。 - Pick it up by the handle!
抓着手柄把它提起来！
- I took him by the hand.
- （与the连用，表示时间或量度单位）
used with the to show the period or quantity used for buying, selling or measuring sth- We rented the car by the day.
我们按日租用汽车。 - They're paid by the hour.
他们的报酬是按小时计算的。 - We only sell it by the metre.
我们只按米出售。
- We rented the car by the day.
- （表示速率）
used to state the rate at which sth happens- They're improving day by day.
他们在一天天地改进。 - We'll do it bit by bit.
我们会一点一点地做。 - It was getting worse by the minute (= very fast) .
情况急速恶化。 - The children came in two by two (= in groups of two) .
孩子们一对一对地走了进来。
- They're improving day by day.
- （补充有关出生地、职业等的信息）
used for giving more information about where sb comes from, what sb does, etc.- He's German by birth.
他是德国血统的。 - They're both doctors by profession.
他们两人的职业都是医生。
- He's German by birth.
- （起誓时用）以…的名义
used when swearing to mean ‘in the name of’- I swear by Almighty God…
我以全能上帝之名发誓…
- I swear by Almighty God…
- （表示尺寸时用）
used to show the measurements of sth- The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet.
房间15英尺宽20英尺长。
- The room measures fifteen feet by twenty feet.
- （用于乘除运算）
used when multiplying or dividing- 6 multiplied by 2 equals 12.
6乘以2等于12。 - 6 divided by 2 equals 3.
6除以2等于3。
- 6 multiplied by 2 equals 12.
adv.
- 经过
past- Just drive by. Don't stop.
直接开过去。别停车。 - He hurried by without speaking to me.
他没和我说话就匆匆过去了。 - Excuse me, I can't get by.
劳驾，请让开点路。 - Time goes by so quickly.
时光飞逝。
- Just drive by. Don't stop.
- （表示保留或保存时用）
used to say that sth is saved so that it can be used in the future- I've put some money by for college fees.
我已经存了些钱作大学学费。
- I've put some money by for college fees.
- 短暂拜访
in order to visit sb for a short time- I'll come by this evening and pick up the books.
我今晚过来取书。
- I'll come by this evening and pick up the books.
by 习惯用语
prep.
by the by/bye
by the by/bye
adv.
- 不久；很快
before long; soon- By and by she met an old man with a beard.
她不久就碰到了一个大胡子老头。
- By and by she met an old man with a beard.
by and by
by 双语例句
- 1、
The feast was served by his mother and sisters
这顿美餐是他母亲和他的姐妹们准备的。 - 2、
I was amazed by their discourtesy and lack of professionalism
他们的无礼和不专业让我震惊。 - 3、
The town has been under attack by rebel groups for a week now.
一周来，该镇一直受到叛军的袭击。 - 4、
'Jacob's Ladder', the newest film by Adrian Lyne, is a post-Vietnam horror story.
阿德里安·莱恩的最新电影《雅各的天梯》讲的是一个发生在越战后的恐怖故事。 - 5、
We'll be travelling by car.
我们将开车旅行。 - 6、
Make the sauce by boiling the cream and stock together in a pan
把奶油和高汤一起放在平底锅里熬煮来制作调味料。 - 7、
The all-female yacht crew made history by becoming the first to sail round the world
这艘游艇的船员为清一色的女性，她们进行了首次环球航行，创造了历史。 - 8、
I met him by chance out walking yesterday
我昨天外出散步时碰巧遇见了他。 - 9、
He opened Ingrid's letter by mistake
他不小心拆了英格丽德的信。 - 10、
Whether by design or accident his timing was perfect.
不管是计划好的还是巧合，他对时机的把握堪称完美。 - 11、
I am certainly lucky to have a kind wife who is loving by nature
拥有一个天性仁爱的贤妻，我当然很幸运。 - 12、
She's a nurse by profession and now runs a counselling service for women
她的职业是护士，现在开办了一个妇女咨询中心。 - 13、
Her parents were in fact American by birth.
她的父母在血统上其实是美国人。 - 14、
Pharmacists are required by law to give the medicine prescribed by the doctor.
法律规定药剂师必须按照医生开的处方配药。 - 15、
Stella knew what he meant by 'start again'
斯特拉知道他说“重来”是什么意思。 - 16、
'You're unbelievably lucky.' — 'What do you mean by that?'
“你真是太幸运了。”——“你这话是什么意思？” - 17、
He caught her by the shoulder and turned her around
他抓住她的肩膀把她的身子转了过来。 - 18、
She was led by the arm to a small room at the far end of the corridor
她被拉着胳膊带到走廊另一头的一个小房间里。 - 19、
Judith was sitting in a rocking-chair by the window
朱迪丝正坐在窗户边的一张摇椅里。 - 20、
A few cars passed close by me
几辆车贴着我开过去。 - 21、
We had made arrangements to stop by her house in Pacific Grove
我们已安排好去造访她位于帕西菲克格罗夫的家。 - 22、
by eight o'clock he had arrived at my hotel
到8点时，他已经到达我住的宾馆了。 - 23、
by day a woman could safely walk the streets, but at night the pavements became dangerous
白天的时候，妇女可以安全地在街上行走，而到了夜晚人行道上会变得很危险。 - 24、
Three prisoners were sharing one small cell 3 metres by 2 metres.
3个囚犯关在一个3米长2米宽的小牢房里。 - 25、
Violent crime has increased by 10 percent since last year
暴力犯罪自去年以来增加了10%。 - 26、
Parcels arrived by the dozen from America
包裹成打地从美国运来。 - 27、
His father began to lose his memory bit by bit, becoming increasingly forgetful.
他的父亲开始一点点地失去记忆，变得越来越健忘。 - 28、
I didn't know if I could raise a child by myself.
我不知道自己是否能够独自养大一个孩子。
by 英英释义
adv